Filter bracket return register dirty missing Air passing over the heat exchanger (or evaporator radiator in the case of cooling) draws heat (or cold) from them as it continues on into the living quarters. When the filters are dirty, less air volume is able to pass the heat exchanger and could cause it to overheat. This could cause damaged to the heat exchanger refrigerant line insulation falling off. Obviously the system's efficiency is also lessened considerably by dirty filters. This is true for either heating or air conditioning systems. A dirty filter will cause the air conditioning system to cycle too often and the unit could eventually be damaged. Return registers placed in kitchens are generally not allowed because of grease buildup; in bathrooms because of excess moisture and other more obvious reasons; in closets due to lack of sufficient air; in garages or mechanical rooms due to the potential for intake of carbon monoxide. Missing filters should be installed immediately. It is expected that the radiator is dirty if the system has been operated for very long without a filter. Filters that do not fit well have the same effect on the system as no filter often the "wire snaps" that hold the filter in place are or are missing. Air is pulled through the filter with great force. As it passes through it creates a suction that lifts the poorly fitting filter, or unstrapped filter, off the filter base allowing unfiltered air to bypass the filter. Home filters are too small with the obvious result of air simply bypassing them. Replace disposable filters at least quarterly as they are inexpensive and easy to replace. Some filters are washable and can be washed out with a garden hose. Most sizes are readily available at home improvement centers or building supply dealers. If the wire hold down straps are missing it is relatively easy to configure some out of coat hangers or the like. If you attempt to fashion your own hold down straps and if the filter is just below the air handler motor and fan, be sure that when the fan is turned on the wires and filter do not rise up into the air handler belt or fan. In other words, make sure the filter is very secure before operating the unit. If you are unsure of the replacement procedure, contact an air conditioning or heating contractor for initial assistance. Filter registers often have missing or damaged screws or are loosely mounted. Most repairs are simple and easy to accomplish.